"Apocalypticism," writes Frank Moore Cross Jr., "sees world history in the grip of warring forces, God and Satan, the spirits of truth and error, light and darkness. …The world, captive to evil powers and principalities which have been given authority in the era of divine wrath, can be freed only by the divine might. But the day of God's salvation and judgment dawns. The old age has moved to its allotted end and the age of consummation is at hand, the age of the vindication of the elect and the redemption of the world. Current events signal the approach of the end. The final war, Armageddon, has begun. The Messiah is about to appear, 'bringing a sword.' The Satanic forces, now brought to bay, break out in a final, defiant convulsion, manifest in the persecutions, temptations and tribulations of the faithful… [I]n the earnestness of his faith and the vividness of his hope he [the apocalypticist] is certain that God is about to act. The faithful will be given the gift of salvation." Frank Moore Cross Jr., The Ancient Library of Qumran, Doubleday Anchor, 1961, p. 77.